Research Use Only (RUO)
Designation indicating a material is intended solely for laboratory research and not for clinical, diagnostic, or therapeutic use.
In Vitro
Experiments performed outside a living organism, typically in cell cultures, plates, or test tubes.
In Vivo
Experiments conducted within a living organism to study biological responses in a complete system.
Ex Vivo
Studies performed on tissues taken from an organism but maintained outside the body.
Assay
A laboratory test designed to measure the presence, quantity, or activity of a compound or biological process.
Control Group
A reference group used for comparison to evaluate the effects of an experimental variable.
Experimental Group
The group exposed to the variable or compound being studied.
Dose–Response
The relationship between the amount of a compound and the magnitude of its observed effect.
Endpoint
A predefined outcome or measurement used to assess experimental results.
Replicate
Repeated experimental runs or samples used to confirm reliability and consistency of results.
Blinded Study
An experimental design in which researchers or evaluators are unaware of group assignments to reduce bias.
Placebo
An inactive substance used as a control to assess the true effect of an experimental compound.
Randomization
Assignment of subjects or samples to groups using chance to minimize selection bias.
Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)
A documented set of instructions designed to ensure consistent and repeatable laboratory practices.
Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)
A quality system covering processes and conditions under which non-clinical lab studies are planned and performed.
Aseptic Processing
Handling methods intended to prevent microbial contamination during preparation and experimentation.
Cross-Contamination
Unintentional transfer of substances between samples, potentially affecting data integrity.
Documentation
Accurate recording of methods, conditions, observations, and results for traceability and reproducibility.
Data Integrity
Assurance that data is accurate, complete, consistent, and reliable throughout its lifecycle.
Reproducibility
The ability to achieve consistent results when experiments are repeated under similar conditions.
Validation
Confirmation that a method or process performs as intended and produces reliable results.